If the laser is not properly focused during engraving, several issues can occur that negatively affect the quality of the final product. Firstly, an unfocused laser beam leads to a wider spot size, which results in less precision and detail in the engraving. This can cause blurry or indistinct images, making it difficult to achieve the desired design clarity.

Secondly, improper focus can result in inconsistent depth across the engraving. Areas may be either too shallow or excessively deep, as the energy from the laser is not uniformly distributed. This inconsistency can weaken the structural integrity of certain materials, potentially causing them to warp or even break.

Additionally, a poorly focused laser can increase the risk of material charring or burning. The energy density is lower when the laser is spread out, necessitating longer exposure times in certain spots, leading to unwanted discoloration or damage to the surrounding material.

In summary, ensuring the laser is properly focused is essential for achieving high-quality engravings, as it directly impacts precision, depth consistency, and material integrity.