Yes, significant safety risks exist when operating a laser engraving machine, demanding strict adherence to protocols. The primary concern is **eye damage**; laser beams, particularly invisible CO2 lasers, can cause permanent retina damage or blindness from direct or reflected exposure. Always wear certified laser safety glasses specific to your laser’s wavelength and power.

**Skin burns** are also a risk from direct beam contact. Keep hands clear.

**Fume inhalation** is a major health hazard. Engraving materials like plastics, treated wood, or leather releases toxic fumes and particulates. Robust ventilation, venting outdoors or through high-efficiency filtration, is crucial. Never engrave PVC due to corrosive chlorine gas production.

**Fire hazards** are inherent with flammable materials like wood or acrylic. Unattended operation is strongly discouraged. Keep a fire extinguisher readily accessible, as the laser’s focal point can ignite material quickly.

**Electrical hazards** include shock from high-voltage power supplies if not properly grounded. Ensure all wiring is intact. Lastly, **mechanical hazards** from moving parts are possible if hands are placed in the gantry’s path.