Common materials utilized in laser cutting encompass a broad spectrum and include:

1. Metals: Such as stainless steel, aluminum, brass, and copper. Fiber lasers excel in cutting metallic materials due to their high absorption of shorter wavelengths.
2. Plastics: Acrylic, polycarbonate, ABS, and PETG are frequently cut using CO2 lasers due to their high absorption of the longer CO2 laser wavelengths.
3. Wood and Derivatives: Plywood, MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard), balsa wood, and veneers are commonly cut with lasers, providing precision in woodworking.
4. Fabrics and Textiles: Cotton, polyester, felt, and various fabrics are cut for fashion, upholstery, and textile industries.
5. Paper and Cardboard: Used in printing, packaging, and crafts, these materials are easily cut and engraved using lasers.

Apart from these common materials, lasers can cut various unusual or unique substances due to their precision and versatility. Unconventional materials include:

1. Leather and Leather-like Materials: From genuine leather to synthetic substitutes, laser cutting provides intricate detailing for fashion and upholstery industries.
2. Rubber and Foam: Used in gasket manufacturing, packaging, and insulation, these materials benefit from precise cutting using lasers.
3. Glass and Ceramics: Specialized lasers, like ultrafast or femtosecond lasers, can cut and engrave glass and ceramics for decorative or industrial applications.
4. Stone and Marble: Although challenging due to hardness, lasers are used for etching and surface detailing in the stone and monument industry.
5. Food: Some edible materials like chocolate, dough, or cake fondants can be delicately cut or engraved for culinary art or decorative purposes.

Laser cutting’s adaptability and precision enable cutting a wide array of materials, expanding its applications across diverse industries beyond conventional substances. However, the suitability of unconventional materials for laser cutting should be verified for safety, compatibility, and desired outcomes.